@article{Lý_Dung_2024, title={The Bravery of Vietnamese Intellectuals before and after Ad through Historical Documents}, volume={4}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijllc.4.5.2}, DOI={10.22161/ijllc.4.5.2}, abstractNote={<jats:p>Vietnam was colonized (dominated) by feudal China for more than a thousand years. Despite their status as colonized people in a dependent country, there were many intellectuals who passed the exam and served as mandarins for Chinese dynasties. These elite intellectuals had a very high national consciousness and great courage. When given the opportunity, they were willing to fight with the Chinese emperors to demand the right to be treated equally. This is a completely new problem, no researchers at home or abroad have yet studied it. Based on the documents recorded in ancient histories and ancient books of China and Vietnam, this article will go deeper to confirm the bravery and mettle of Vietnam’s elite intellectuals before the royal court China in the centuries before and after Christ.</jats:p>}, number={5}, journal={International Journal of Language, Literature and Culture}, publisher={AI Publications}, author={Lý, Nguyễn Công and Dung, Nguyễn Công Thanh}, year={2024}, pages={11–17} }